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1.1     ! noro        1: % $OpenXM: OpenXM/doc/issac2000/data-format.tex,v 1.9 2000/01/16 10:55:40 takayama Exp $
        !             2:
        !             3: \section{Data Format}
        !             4:
        !             5: OpenXM admits multiple mathematical encodings such as OpenMath, MP, CMO
        !             6: (Common Mathematical Object format).
        !             7: OpenXM itself does not exhibit a bias towards a particular encodings
        !             8: as a main mathematical data carrier and an OpenXM compliant system do not need to
        !             9: implement all possible data formats.
        !            10: However  they should at least implement seven primitive
        !            11: data types of the CMO, which are necessary to
        !            12: carry several control informations such as a {\it mathcap}.
        !            13: Mathcap is a list of supported CMO's, OpenXM stack machine codes,
        !            14: and necessary extra informations.
        !            15: If a program sends an OX messages unknown to its peer,
        !            16: an unrecoverable error may occur.
        !            17: By exchanging mathcaps, a program knows its peer's capability
        !            18: and such an error can be avoided.
        !            19: Mathcap is also defined as a CMO.
        !            20: See \cite{noro-takayama} for the details.
        !            21:
        !            22: Encoding types of OX data are distinguished with tags
        !            23: of OX messages.
        !            24: For example,
        !            25: an OX message with the tag
        !            26: {\tt OX\_DATA} is followed by a CMO packet.
        !            27: An OX message with the tag
        !            28: {\tt OX\_DATA\_OPENMATH\_XML} is followed by
        !            29: an OpenMath XML string.
        !            30:
        !            31: Let us explain the data format of CMO.
        !            32: Any CMO packet consists of a header and a body.
        !            33: The size of the header is 4 bytes that tags the data type of the body.
        !            34: Data type tags are signed 32 bit integers which is called {\sl int32} in this
        !            35: paper.
        !            36: Following tags are registered in the OpenXM.
        !            37: \begin{verbatim}
        !            38: CMO_ERROR2, CMO_NULL, CMO_INT32, CMO_DATUM, CMO_STRING,
        !            39: CMO_MATHCAP, CMO_LIST, CMO_MONOMIAL32, CMO_ZZ, CMO_QQ, CMO_ZERO,
        !            40: CMO_DMS_GENERIC, CMO_DMS_OF_N_VARIABLES, CMO_RING_BY_NAME,
        !            41: CMO_RECURSIVE_POLYNOMIAL, CMO_LIST_R, CMO_INT32COEFF,
        !            42: CMO_DISTRIBUTED_POLYNOMIAL, CMO_POLYNOMIAL_IN_ONE_VARIABLE,
        !            43: CMO_RATIONAL, CMO_64BIT_MACHINE_DOUBLE,
        !            44: CMO_ARRAY_OF_64BIT_MACHINE_DOUBLE, CMO_BIGFLOAT,
        !            45: CMO_IEEE_DOUBLE_FLOAT, CMO_INDETERMINATE, CMO_TREE, CMO_LAMBDA
        !            46: \end{verbatim}
        !            47: The first seven primitive types should be implemented
        !            48: on all OpenXM compliant systems.
        !            49: The formats are as follows. \\
        !            50: \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
        !            51: \hline
        !            52: {\sl int32} {\tt CMO\_ERROR2} & {\sl CMObject} {\rm ob} \\
        !            53: \hline
        !            54: \end{tabular} \\
        !            55: \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
        !            56: \hline
        !            57: {\sl int32} {\tt CMO\_NULL}  \\
        !            58: \hline
        !            59: \end{tabular} \\
        !            60: \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
        !            61: \hline
        !            62: {\sl int32} {\tt CMO\_INT32}& {\sl int32} {\rm n}  \\
        !            63: \hline
        !            64: \end{tabular} \\
        !            65: \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
        !            66: \hline
        !            67: {\sl int32} {\tt CMO\_STRING}& {\sl int32} {\rm n} & {\sl byte} {\rm data[0]} $\cdots$ & {\sl byte} {\rm data[n-1]} \\  \hline
        !            68: \end{tabular} \\
        !            69: \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
        !            70: \hline
        !            71: {\sl int32} {\tt CMO\_MATHCAP} & {\sl CMObject} {\rm ob} \\
        !            72: \hline
        !            73: \end{tabular} \\
        !            74: \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
        !            75: \hline
        !            76: {\sl int32} {\tt CMO\_LIST}& {\sl int32} {\rm n} & {\sl CMObject} {\rm ob[0]}
        !            77: $\cdots$ & {\sl CMObject} {\rm ob[n-1]} \\  \hline
        !            78: \end{tabular} \\
        !            79:
        !            80: As to the formats of other CMO's, see \cite{noro-takayama}.
        !            81:
        !            82: When one wants to implement CMO on a server, the person proceeds
        !            83: as follows.
        !            84: \begin{enumerate}
        !            85: \item Look for the list of CMO's at the web cite \cite{openxm-web}.
        !            86: If there is a CMO that fits to one's requirement, then use this CMO.
        !            87: \item If there is no suitable CMO, design a new CMO and register
        !            88: the new CMO to \cite{openxm-web} with a description and examples.
        !            89: \end{enumerate}