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Annotation of OpenXM/src/asir-doc/parts/asir.texi, Revision 1.2

1.1       noro        1: @node $B%f!<%68@8l(B Asir,,, Top
                      2: @chapter $B%f!<%68@8l(B Asir
                      3:
                      4: @noindent
                      5: @b{Asir} $B$NAH$_9~$_H!?t$O(B, $B0x?tJ,2r(B, GCD $B$J$I$N7W;;$r9T$&$b$N(B, $B%U%!(B
                      6: $B%$%kF~=PNO$r9T$&$b$N(B, $B$"$k$$$O?t<0$N0lIt$r<h$j=P$9$b$N$J$I$5$^$6$^$J$b$N(B
                      7: $B$,MQ0U$5$l$F$$$k$,(B, $B%f!<%6$,<B:]$K9T$$$?$$$3$H$r<B9T$5$;$k$?$a$K$O0l(B
                      8: $BHL$K$O%f!<%68@8l$K$h$k%W%m%0%i%`$r=q$/I,MW$,$"$k(B. $B%f!<%68@8l$b(B
                      9: @b{Asir} $B$H8F$P$l$k(B. $B0J2<$G$O(B, $B%f!<%68@8l$NJ8K!5,B'$*$h$S<B:]$N%f!<(B
                     10: $B%68@8l%W%m%0%i%`$rNc$H$7$?%W%m%0%i%`$N=q$-J}$K$D$$$F=R$Y$k(B.
                     11:
                     12: @menu
                     13: * $BJ8K!(B (C $B8@8l$H$N0c$$(B)::
                     14: * $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B::
                     15: @end menu
                     16:
                     17:
                     18: @node $BJ8K!(B (C $B8@8l$H$N0c$$(B),,, $B%f!<%68@8l(B Asir
                     19: @section $BJ8K!(B (C $B8@8l$H$N0c$$(B)
                     20:
                     21: @noindent
                     22: @b{Asir} $B$NJ8K!$O(B C $B8@8l$K=`5r$7$F$$$k(B.
                     23: $B$*$b$JAj0cE@$O<!$NDL$j$G$"$k(B. $B0J2<$G(B, $BJQ?t$H$O(B @b{Asir} $B$K$*$1$k(B
                     24: $B%W%m%0%i%`MQ$NJQ?t(B, $B$9$J$o$ABgJ8;z$G;O$^$kJ8;zNs$r0UL#$9$k$3$H$H$9$k(B.
                     25:
                     26: @itemize @bullet
                     27: @item
                     28: $BJQ?t$N7?$,$J$$(B.
                     29:
                     30: $B4{$K@bL@$7$?$H$*$j(B, @b{Asir} $B$G07$o$l$kBP>]<+?H$OA4$F2?$i$+$N7?(B
                     31: $B$r;}$C$F$$$k(B. $B$7$+$7(B, $B%W%m%0%i%`JQ?t<+BN$O(B, $B$I$N$h$&$JBP>]$G$b(B
                     32: $BBeF~$G$-$k$H$$$&0UL#$G7?$,$J$$$N$G$"$k(B.
                     33:
                     34: @example
                     35: [0] A = 1;
                     36: 1
                     37: [1] type(A);
                     38: 1
                     39: [2] A = [1,2,3];
                     40: [1,2,3]
                     41: [3] type(A);
                     42: 4
                     43: @end example
                     44:
                     45: @item
                     46: $BH!?tFb$NJQ?t$O(B, $B%G%U%)%k%H$G$O2>0z?t$r$3$a$F$9$Y$F6I=jJQ?t(B.
                     47: $B$?$@$7(B, @code{extern} $B@k8@$5$l$?JQ?t$O(B, $B%H%C%W%l%Y%k$K$*$1$kBg0hJQ?t$H$J$k(B.
                     48:
                     49: $B$9$J$o$A(B, $BJQ?t$N%9%3!<%W$OBg0hJQ?t$H6I=jJQ?t$N(B 2 $B<oN`$KC1=c2=$5$l$F$$$k(B.
                     50: $B%H%C%W%l%Y%k(B, $B$9$J$o$A%W%m%s%W%H$KBP$7$FF~NO$5$l$?JQ?t$OA4$FBg0hJQ?t(B
                     51: $B$H$7$FEPO?$5$l$k(B. $B$^$?H!?tFb$G$O<!$N$$$:$l$+$H$J$k(B.
                     52:
                     53: @enumerate
                     54: @item
                     55: $BH!?t$,Dj5A$5$l$k%U%!%$%k$K$*$$$F(B, $B$=$NH!?tDj5A0JA0$K(B, $B$"$k(B
                     56: $BJQ?t$,(B @code{extern} $B@k8@$5$l$F$$$k>l9g(B, $BH!?tFb$N$=$NJQ?t$bBg0hJQ?t(B
                     57: $B$H$7$F07$o$l$k(B.
                     58:
                     59: @item
                     60: @code{extern} $B@k8@$5$l$F$$$J$$JQ?t$O$=$NH!?t$K6I=jE*$H$J$k(B.
                     61: @end enumerate
                     62:
                     63: @example
                     64: % cat afo
                     65: def afo() @{ return A;@}
                     66: extern A$
                     67: def bfo() @{ return A;@}
                     68: end$
                     69: % asir
                     70: [0] load("afo")$
                     71: [5] A = 1;
                     72: 1
                     73: [6] afo();
                     74: 0
                     75: [7] bfo();
                     76: 1
                     77: @end example
                     78:
                     79: @item
                     80: $B%W%m%0%i%`JQ?t$OBgJ8;z$G;O$^$j(B, $BITDj85(B, $BH!?t$O>.J8;z$G;O$^$k(B.
                     81:
                     82: $B$3$NE@$O(B, $B4{B8$N?t<0=hM}%7%9%F%`$N$[$H$s$I$H0[$J$kE@$G$"$k(B. @b{Asir}
                     83: $B$,$3$N;EMM$r:NMQ$7$?$N$O(B, $B%f!<%6$,ITDj85$N$D$b$j$G;HMQ$7$?JQ?t$K(B
                     84: $B$J$s$i$+$NCM$,BeF~$5$l$F$$$?>l9g$K:.Mp$r>7$/(B, $B$H$$$&(B, $B4{B8$N(B
                     85: $B%7%9%F%`$K$"$j$,$A$J>u67$rHr$1$k$?$a$G$"$k(B.
                     86:
                     87: @item
                     88: @code{switch} $BJ8(B, @code{goto} $B$,$J$$(B.
                     89:
                     90: @code{goto} $B$,$J$$$?$a(B, $BB?=E%k!<%W$r0lEY$KH4$1$k$N$,$d$dJ#;($K$J$k>l9g$,$"$k(B.
                     91:
                     92: @item
                     93: $B%3%s%^<0$O(B, @code{for (A;B;C)} $B$^$?$O(B, @code{while(A)} $B$N(B @code{A}, @code{B}, @code{C} $B$K$N$_;H$&$3$H$,$G$-$k(B.
                     94:
                     95: $B$3$l$O(B, $B%j%9%H$r@5<0$J%*%V%8%'%/%H$H$7$F2C$($?$3$H$K$h$k(B.
                     96:
                     97: @end itemize
                     98:
                     99: @noindent
                    100: $B0J>e$O@)8B$G$"$k$,(B, $B3HD%$H$7$F$O<!$NE@$,5s$2$i$l$k(B.
                    101:
                    102: @itemize @bullet
                    103: @item
                    104: $BM-M}<0$KBP$9$k7W;;$r(B, $BDL>o$N(B C $B$K$*$1$k7W;;$HF1MM$K$G$-$k(B.
                    105:
                    106: @item
                    107: $B%j%9%H$,07$($k(B.
                    108:
                    109: $B9=B$BN$rMQ$$$k$^$G$b$J$$MWAG$N=89gBN$r(B, $B%j%9%H$GI=$9$3$H$,$G$-(B,
                    110: C $B$GD>@\=q$/>l9g$KHf3S$7$F%W%m%0%i%`$,C;$/(B, $BFI$_$d$9$/=q$1$k(B.
1.2     ! noro      111:
        !           112: @item
        !           113: $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$K$*$1$k%*%W%7%g%s;XDj(B.
        !           114:
        !           115: $B$3$l$K4X$7$F$O(B, @xref{$B%*%W%7%g%s;XDj(B}.
1.1       noro      116: @end itemize
                    117:
                    118: @node $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B,,, $B%f!<%68@8l(B Asir
                    119: @section $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    120:
                    121: @menu
                    122: * $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t(B::
                    123: * $BJQ?t$*$h$SITDj85(B::
                    124: * $B0z?t(B::
                    125: * $B%3%a%s%H(B::
                    126: * $BJ8(B::
                    127: * return $BJ8(B::
                    128: * if $BJ8(B::
                    129: * $B%k!<%W(B break return continue::
                    130: * $B$5$^$6$^$J<0(B::
                    131: * $B%W%j%W%m%;%C%5(B::
1.2     ! noro      132: * $B%*%W%7%g%s;XDj(B::
1.1       noro      133: @end menu
                    134:
                    135: @node $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    136: @subsection $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t(B
                    137:
                    138: @noindent
                    139: $B%f!<%6$K$h$kH!?t$NDj5A$O(B @samp{def} $BJ8$G9T$&(B. $BJ8K!%(%i!<$OFI$_9~$_;~$K(B
                    140: $B$"$kDxEY%A%'%C%/$5$l(B, $B$*$*$h$=$N>l=j$,I=<($5$l$k(B.
                    141: $B4{$K(B($B0z?t$N8D?t$K4X78$J$/(B)$BF1L>$NH!?t$,Dj5A$5$l$F$$$k>l9g$K$O(B,
                    142: $B$=$NH!?t$O:FDj5A$5$l$k(B. @code{ctrl()} $BH!?t$K$h$j(B @code{verbose} $B%U%i%0(B
                    143: $B$,(B on $B$K$J$C$F$$$k>l9g(B,
                    144:
                    145: @example
                    146: afo() redefined.
                    147: @end example
                    148:
                    149: @noindent
                    150: $B$H$$$&%a%C%;!<%8$,I=<($5$l$k(B. $B$"$kH!?t$NDj5A$K$*$$$F(B, $B$^$@L$Dj5A$NH!?t(B
                    151: $B$r8F$S=P$7$F$$$F$b(B, $BDj5A;~$K$O%(%i!<$K$J$i$J$$(B. $B<B9T;~$KL$Dj5A$NH!?t(B
                    152: $B$r8F$S=P$=$&$H$7$?>l9g$K%(%i!<$H$J$k(B.
                    153:
                    154: @example
                    155: @tex
                    156: /* $X!$ */
                    157: @end tex
                    158:
                    159: def f(X) @{
                    160:     if ( !X )
                    161:         return 1;
                    162:     else
                    163:         return X * f(X-1);
                    164: @}
                    165:
                    166: @tex
                    167: /* ${_i}C_j ( 0 \le i \le N, 0 \le j \le i )$ */
                    168: @end tex
                    169:
                    170: def c(N)
                    171: @{
                    172:     A = newvect(N+1); A[0] = B = newvect(1); B[0] = 1;
                    173:     for ( K = 1; K <= N; K++ ) @{
                    174:         A[K] = B = newvect(K+1); B[0] = B[K] = 1;
                    175:         for ( P = A[K-1], J = 1; J < K; J++ )
                    176:             B[J] = P[J-1]+P[J];
                    177:         @}
                    178:     return A;
                    179: @}
                    180: @end example
                    181:
                    182: @noindent
                    183: 2 $B$DL\$NNc$G$O(B, $BD9$5(B @code{N+1} $B$N%Y%/%H%k(B (@code{A}$B$H$9$k(B) $B$,JV$5$l$k(B.
                    184: @code{A[I]} $B$OD9$5(B @code{I+1} $B$NG[Ns$G$"$j(B, $B$=$N$=$l$>$l$NMWAG$,(B
                    185: @iftex
                    186: @tex
                    187: ${_I}C_J$
                    188: @end tex
                    189: @end iftex
                    190: @ifinfo
                    191: ICJ
                    192: @end ifinfo
                    193: $B$rMWAG$H$9$kG[Ns$G$"$k(B.
                    194:
                    195: @noindent
                    196: $B0J2<$G$O(B, C $B$K$h$k%W%m%0%i%_%s%0$N7P83$,$J$$?M$N$?$a$K(B, @b{Asir} $B8@8l(B
                    197: $B$K$h$k%W%m%0%i%`$N=q$-J}$r2r@b$9$k(B.
                    198:
                    199: @node $BJQ?t$*$h$SITDj85(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    200: @subsection $BJQ?t$*$h$SITDj85(B
                    201:
                    202: @noindent
                    203: $B4{$K=R$Y$?DL$j(B, @b{Asir} $B$K$*$$$F$O%W%m%0%i%`JQ?t$HITDj85$rL@3N$K(B
                    204: $B6hJL$7$F$$$k(B.
                    205:
                    206: @table @b
                    207: @item $BJQ?t(B
                    208: $BBgJ8;z$G;O$^$j(B, $B%"%k%U%!%Y%C%H(B, $B?t;z(B, @samp{_} $B$+$i$J$kJ8;zNs(B
                    209:
                    210: $BJQ?t$"$k$$$O%W%m%0%i%`JQ?t$H$O(B, @b{Asir} $B$N$5$^$6$^$J7?$NFbIt7A<0$r(B
                    211: $B3JG<$9$k$?$a$NH"$G$"$j(B, $B3JG<$5$l$?FbIt7A<0$,(B, $B$3$NJQ?t$NCM$G$"$k(B.  $BJQ(B
                    212: $B?t$,<0$NMWAG$H$7$FI>2A$5$l$k;~$O(B, $B$=$3$K<}$a$i$l$?CM$KCV$-49$($i$l$k(B.
                    213: $B$9$J$o$A(B, $BFbIt7A<0$NCf$K$O%W%m%0%i%`JQ?t$O8=$l$J$$(B. $BJQ?t$OA4$F(B 0 $B$G(B
                    214: $B=i4|2=$5$l$F$$$k(B.
                    215:
                    216: @example
                    217: [0] X^2+X+1;
                    218: 1
                    219: [1] X=2;
                    220: 2
                    221: [2] X^2+X+1;
                    222: 7
                    223: @end example
                    224:
                    225: @item $BITDj85(B
                    226: $B>.J8;z$G;O$^$j(B, $B%"%k%U%!%Y%C%H(B, $B?t;z(B, @samp{_} $B$+$i$J$kJ8;zNs(B
                    227:
                    228: $BITDj85$H$O(B, $BB?9`<04D$r9=@.$9$k:]$KE:2C$5$l$kJQ?t$r$$$&(B. @b{Asir} $B$K(B
                    229: $B$*$$$F$O(B, $BITDj85$OCM$r$b$?$J$$D61[E*$J85$G$"$j(B, $BITDj85$X$NCM$NBeF~$O(B
                    230: $B5v$5$l$J$$(B.
                    231:
                    232: @example
                    233: [3] X=x;
                    234: x
                    235: [4] X^2+X+1;
                    236: x^2+x+1
                    237: @end example
                    238: @end table
                    239:
                    240: @node $B0z?t(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    241: @subsection $B0z?t(B
                    242:
                    243: @example
                    244: def sum(N) @{
                    245:     for ( I = 1, S = 0; I <= N; I++ )
                    246:         S += I;
                    247:     return S;
                    248: @}
                    249: @end example
                    250:
                    251: @noindent
                    252: $B$3$l$O(B, 1 $B$+$i(B @code{N} $B$^$G$N<+A3?t$NOB$r5a$a$kH!?t(B @code{sum()} $B$N(B
                    253: $BDj5A$G$"$k(B. $B$3$NNc$K$*$1$k(B @code{sum(N)} $B$N(B @code{N} $B$,0z?t$G$"$k(B.
                    254: $B$3$NNc$O(B, 1 $B0z?tH!?t$NNc$G$"$k$,(B, $B0lHL$K0z?t$N8D?t$OG$0U$G$"$j(B,
                    255: $BI,MW$J$@$1$N8D?t$r(B @samp{,} $B$G6h@Z$C$F;XDj$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k(B. $B0z?t$O(B
                    256: $BCM$,EO$5$l$k(B. $B$9$J$o$A(B, $B0z?t$r<u$1$H$C$?B&$,(B, $B$=$N0z?t$NCM$rJQ99$7$F(B
                    257: $B$b(B, $BEO$7$?B&$NJQ?t$OJQ2=$7$J$$(B. $B$?$@$7(B, $BNc30$,$"$k(B. $B$=$l$O(B, $B%Y%/%H%k(B,
                    258: $B9TNs$r0z?t$KEO$7$?>l9g$G$"$k(B. $B$3$N>l9g$b(B, $BEO$5$l$?JQ?t$=$N$b$N$r=q$-(B
                    259: $BBX$($k$3$H$O(B, $B$=$NH!?t$K6I=jE*$JA`:n$G$"$k$,(B, $BMWAG$r=q$-49$($?>l9g(B,
                    260: $B$=$l$O(B, $B8F$S=P$7B&$N%Y%/%H%k(B, $B9TNs$NMWAG$r=q$-49$($k$3$H$K$J$k(B.
                    261:
                    262: @example
                    263: def clear_vector(M) @{
                    264:     /* M is expected to be a vector */
                    265:     L = size(M)[0];
                    266:     for ( I = 0; I < L; I++ )
                    267:         M[I] = 0;
                    268: @}
                    269: @end example
                    270:
                    271: @noindent
                    272: $B$3$NH!?t$O(B, $B0z?t$N%Y%/%H%k$r(B 0 $B%Y%/%H%k$K=i4|2=$9$k$?$a$NH!?t$G$"$k(B.
                    273: $B$^$?(B, $B%Y%/%H%k$r0z?t$KEO$9$3$H$K$h$j(B, $BJ#?t$N7k2L$r0z?t$N%Y%/%H%k$K(B
                    274: $B<}G<$7$FJV$9$3$H$,$G$-$k(B. $B<B:]$K$O(B, $B$3$N$h$&$J>l9g$K$O(B, $B7k2L$r%j%9%H(B
                    275: $B$K$7$FJV$9$3$H$b$G$-$k(B. $B>u67$K1~$8$F;H$$$o$1$9$k$3$H$,K>$^$7$$(B.
                    276:
                    277: @node $B%3%a%s%H(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    278: @subsection $B%3%a%s%H(B
                    279:
                    280: @noindent
                    281: C $B$HF1MM(B @samp{/*} $B$H(B @samp{*/} $B$G0O$^$l$?ItJ,$O%3%a%s%H$H$7$F07$o$l$k(B.
                    282:
                    283: @example
                    284: /*
                    285:  * This is a comment.
                    286:  */
                    287:
                    288: def afo(X) @{
                    289: @end example
                    290:
                    291: @noindent
                    292: $B%3%a%s%H$OJ#?t9T$KEO$C$F$b9=$o$J$$$,(B, $BF~$l;R$K$9$k$3$H$O$G$-$J$$(B.
                    293: @samp{/*} $B$,$$$/$D$"$C$F$b:G=i$N$b$N$N$_$,M-8z$H$J$j(B, $B:G=i$K8=$l$?(B
                    294: @samp{*/} $B$G%3%a%s%H$O=*N;$7$?$H8+$J$5$l$k(B. $B%W%m%0%i%`$J$I$G(B, $B%3%a%s%H(B
                    295: $B$r4^$`2DG=@-$,$"$kItJ,$r%3%a%s%H%"%&%H$7$?>l9g$K$O(B, @code{#if 0},
                    296: @code{#endif}$B$r;H$($P$h$$(B. (@xref{$B%W%j%W%m%;%C%5(B})
                    297:
                    298: @example
                    299: #if 0
                    300: def bfo(X) @{
                    301: /* empty */
                    302: @}
                    303: #endif
                    304: @end example
                    305:
                    306: @node $BJ8(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    307: @subsection $BJ8(B
                    308:
                    309: @noindent
                    310: @b{Asir} $B$N%f!<%6H!?t$O(B,
                    311:
                    312: @example
                    313: def $BL>A0(B($B0z?t(B,$B0z?t(B,...,$B0z?t(B) @{
                    314:     $BJ8(B
                    315:     $BJ8(B
                    316:     ...
                    317:     $BJ8(B
                    318: @}
                    319: @end example
                    320:
                    321: @noindent
                    322: $B$H$$$&7A$GDj5A$5$l$k(B. $B$3$N$h$&$K(B, $BJ8$OH!?t$N4pK\E*9=@.MWAG$G$"$j(B, $B%W%m(B
                    323: $B%0%i%`$r=q$/$?$a$K$O(B, $BJ8$,$I$N$h$&$J$b$N$G$"$k$+CN$i$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$(B.
                    324: $B:G$bC1=c$JJ8$H$7$F(B, $BC1J8$,$"$k(B. $B$3$l$O(B,
                    325:
                    326: @example
                    327: S = sum(N);
                    328: @end example
                    329:
                    330: @noindent
                    331: $B$N$h$&$K(B, $B<0$K=*C<5-9f(B (@samp{;} $B$^$?$O(B @samp{$}) $B$r$D$1$?$b$N$G$"$k(B.
                    332: $B$3$NC1J85Z$SN`;w$N(B @code{return} $BJ8(B, @code{break} $BJ8$J$I$,J8$N:G>.9=@.(B
                    333: $BC10L$H$J$k(B. @code{if} $BJ8$d(B @code{for} $BJ8$NDj5A(B (@xref{$BJ8K!$N>\:Y(B}) $B$r8+$l(B
                    334: $B$P$o$+$kDL$j(B, $B$=$l$i$NK\BN$O(B, $BC1$J$k0l$D$NJ8$H$7$FDj5A$5$l$F$$$k(B. $BDL>o(B
                    335: $B$O(B, $BK\BN$K$OJ#?t$NJ8$,=q$1$k$3$H$,I,MW$H$J$k(B.  $B$3$N$h$&$J>l9g(B,
                    336: @samp{@{} $B$H(B @samp{@}} $B$GJ8$NJB$S$r3g$C$F(B, $B0l$D$NJ8$H$7$F07$&$3$H$,$G(B
                    337: $B$-$k(B. $B$3$l$rJ#J8$H8F$V(B.
                    338:
                    339: @example
                    340: if ( I == 0 ) @{
                    341:     J = 1;
                    342:     K = 2;
                    343:     L = 3;
                    344: @}
                    345: @end example
                    346:
                    347: @noindent
                    348: @samp{@}} $B$N8e$m$K$O=*C<5-9f$OI,MW$J$$(B. $B$J$<$J$i(B, @samp{@{} $BJ8JB$S(B
                    349: @samp{@}}$B$,4{$KJ8$H$J$C$F$$$F(B, @code{if} $BJ8$NMW@A$rK~$?$7$F$$$k$+$i$G(B
                    350: $B$"$k(B.
                    351:
                    352: @node return $BJ8(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    353: @subsection @code{return} $BJ8(B
                    354:
                    355: @noindent
                    356: @code{return} $BJ8$O(B,
                    357:
                    358: @example
                    359: return $B<0(B;
                    360:
                    361: return;
                    362: @end example
                    363:
                    364: @noindent
                    365: $B$N(B 2 $B$D$N7A<0$,$"$k(B. $B$$$:$l$bH!?t$+$iH4$1$k$?$a$NJ8$G$"$k(B. $BA0<T$O(B
                    366: $BH!?t$NCM$H$7$F(B $B<0(B $B$rJV$9(B. $B8e<T$G$O(B, $BH!?t$NCM$H$7$F2?$,JV$5$l$k$+(B
                    367: $B$O$o$+$i$J$$(B.
                    368:
                    369: @node if $BJ8(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    370: @subsection @code{if} $BJ8(B
                    371:
                    372: @noindent
                    373: @code{if} $BJ8$K$O(B
                    374:
                    375: @example
                    376: if ( $B<0(B )             if ( $B<0(B )
                    377:     $BJ8(B       $B5Z$S(B         $BJ8(B
                    378: else
                    379:     $BJ8(B
                    380: @end example
                    381:
                    382: @noindent
                    383: $B$N(B 2 $B<oN`$,$"$k(B. $B$3$l$i$NF0:n$OL@$i$+$G$"$k$,(B, $BJ8$N0LCV$K(B @code{if} $BJ8(B
                    384: $B$,Mh$?>l9g$KCm0U$rMW$9$k(B. $B<!$NNc$r9M$($F$_$h$&(B.
                    385:
                    386: @example
                    387: if ( $B<0(B )
                    388:     if ( $B<0(B ) $BJ8(B
                    389: else
                    390:     $BJ8(B
                    391: @end example
                    392:
                    393: @noindent
                    394: $B$3$N>l9g(B, $B;z2<$2$+$i$O(B, @code{else} $B0J2<$O(B, $B:G=i$N(B @code{if} $B$KBP1~$9$k(B
                    395: $B$h$&$K8+$($k$,(B, $B%Q!<%6$O(B, $B<+F0E*$K(B 2 $BHVL\$N(B @code{if} $B$KBP1~$9$k$HH=CG$9$k(B.
                    396: $B$9$J$o$A(B, 2 $B<oN`$N(B @code{if} $BJ8$r5v$7$?$?$a$K(B, $BJ8K!$K[#Kf@-$,8=$l(B, $B$=$l$r(B
                    397: $B2r>C$9$k$?$a$K(B, @code{else} $B0J2<$O(B, $B:G$b6a$$(B @code{if} $B$KBP1~$9$k$H(B
                    398: $B$$$&5,B'$,E,MQ$5$l$k$N$G$"$k(B. $B=>$C$F(B, $B$3$NNc$O(B,
                    399:
                    400: @example
                    401: if ( $B<0(B ) @{
                    402:     if ( $B<0(B ) $BJ8(B else $BJ8(B
                    403: @}
                    404: @end example
                    405:
                    406: @noindent
                    407: $B$H$$$&0UL#$H$J$k(B. $B;z2<$2$KBP1~$5$;$k$?$a$K$O(B,
                    408:
                    409: @example
                    410: if ( $B<0(B ) @{
                    411:     if ( $B<0(B ) $BJ8(B
                    412: @} else
                    413:     $BJ8(B
                    414: @end example
                    415:
                    416: @noindent
                    417: $B$H$7$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$(B.
                    418:
                    419: @node $B%k!<%W(B break return continue,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    420: @subsection $B%k!<%W(B, @code{break}, @code{return}, @code{continue}
                    421:
                    422: @noindent
                    423: $B%k!<%W$r9=@.$9$kJ8$O(B, @code{while} $BJ8(B, @code{for} $BJ8(B, @code{do} $BJ8(B
                    424: $B$N(B 3 $B<oN`$,$"$k(B.
                    425:
                    426: @itemize @bullet
                    427: @item
                    428: @code{while} $BJ8(B
                    429:
                    430: $B7A<0$O(B,
                    431:
                    432: @example
                    433: while ( $B<0(B ) $BJ8(B
                    434: @end example
                    435:
                    436: @noindent
                    437: $B$G(B, $B$3$l$O(B, $B<0(B $B$rI>2A$7$F(B, $B$=$NCM$,(B 0 $B$G$J$$8B$j(B $BJ8(B $B$r<B9T$9$k$H$$$&(B
                    438: $B0UL#$H$J$k(B. $B$?$H$($P(B $B<0(B $B$,(B 1 $B$J$i$P(B, $BC1=c$JL58B%k!<%W$H$J$k(B.
                    439:
                    440: @item
                    441: @code{for} $BJ8(B
                    442:
                    443: $B7A<0$O(B,
                    444:
                    445: @example
                    446: for ( $B<0JB$S(B-1; $B<0(B; $B<0JB$S(B-2 ) $BJ8(B
                    447: @end example
                    448:
                    449: $B$G(B, $B$3$l$O(B
                    450:
                    451: @example
                    452: $B<0JB$S(B-1 ($B$rC1J8JB$S$K$7$?$b$N(B)
                    453: while ( $B<0(B ) @{
                    454:     $BJ8(B
                    455:     $B<0JB$S(B-2 ($B$rC1J8JB$S$K$7$?$b$N(B)
                    456: @}
                    457: @end example
                    458:
                    459: $B$HEy2A$G$"$k(B.
                    460:
                    461: @item
                    462: @code{do} $BJ8(B
                    463:
                    464: @example
                    465: do @{
                    466:     $BJ8(B
                    467: @} while ( $B<0(B )
                    468: @end example
                    469:
                    470: $B$O(B, $B@h$K(B $BJ8$r<B9T$7$F$+$i>r7o<0$K$h$kH=Dj$r9T$&=j$,(B @code{while} $BJ8(B
                    471: $B$H0[$J$C$F$$$k(B.
                    472: @end itemize
                    473:
                    474: @noindent
                    475: $B%k!<%W$rH4$1=P$9<jCJ$H$7$F(B,
                    476: @code{break} $BJ85Z$S(B @code{return} $BJ8$,$"$k(B. $B$^$?(B, $B%k!<%W$N@)8f$r(B
                    477: $B$"$k0LCV$K0\$9<jCJ$H$7$F(B @code{continue} $BJ8$,$"$k(B.
                    478:
                    479: @itemize @bullet
                    480:
                    481: @item
                    482: @code{break}
                    483:
                    484: @code{break} $BJ8$O(B, $B$=$l$r0O$`%k!<%W$r0l$D$@$1H4$1$k(B.
                    485:
                    486: @item
                    487: @code{return}
                    488:
                    489: @code{return} $BJ8$O(B, $B0lHL$KH!?t$+$iH4$1$k$?$a$NJ8$G$"$j(B,
                    490: $B%k!<%W$NCf$+$i$G$bM-8z$G$"$k(B.
                    491:
                    492: @item
                    493: @code{continue}
                    494:
                    495: @code{continue} $BJ8$O(B, $B%k!<%W$NK\BN$NJ8$NKvC<$K@)8f$r0\$9(B.
                    496: $BNc$($P(B @code{for} $BJ8$G$O(B, $B:G8e$N<0JB$S$N<B9T$r9T$$(B, @code{while}
                    497: $BJ8$G$O>r7o<0$NH=Dj$K0\$k(B.
                    498: @end itemize
                    499:
                    500: @node $B$5$^$6$^$J<0(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    501: @subsection $B$5$^$6$^$J<0(B
                    502:
                    503: @noindent
                    504: $B<g$J<0$N9=@.MWAG$H$7$F$O(B, $B<!$N$h$&$J$b$N$,$"$k(B.
                    505:
                    506: @itemize @bullet
                    507: @item
                    508: $B2C8:>h=|(B, $BQQ(B
                    509:
                    510: $BQQ$O(B, @samp{^} $B$K$h$jI=$9(B. $B=|;;(B @samp{/} $B$O(B, $BBN$H$7$F$N1i;;$KMQ$$$k(B.
                    511: $BNc$($P(B, @code{2/3} $B$OM-M}?t$N(B @code{2/3} $B$rI=$9(B.
                    512: $B@0?t=|;;(B, $BB?9`<0=|;;(B ($B>jM>$r4^$`1i;;(B) $B$K$OJLESAH$_9~$_H!?t$,MQ0U$5$l$F$$$k(B.
                    513:
                    514: @example
                    515: x+1  A^2*B*afo X/3
                    516: @end example
                    517:
                    518: @item
                    519: $B%$%s%G%C%/%9$D$-$NJQ?t(B
                    520:
                    521: $B%Y%/%H%k(B, $B9TNs(B, $B%j%9%H$NMWAG$O%$%s%G%C%/%9$rMQ$$$k$3$H$K$h$j<h$j=P$;$k(B.
                    522: $B%$%s%G%C%/%9$O(B 0 $B$+$i;O$^$k$3$H$KCm0U$9$k(B. $B<h$j=P$7$?MWAG$,%Y%/%H%k(B,
                    523: $B9TNs(B, $B%j%9%H$J$i(B, $B$5$i$K%$%s%G%C%/%9$r$D$1$k$3$H$bM-8z$G$"$k(B.
                    524:
                    525: @example
                    526: V[0] M[1][2]
                    527: @end example
                    528:
                    529: @item
                    530: $BHf3S1i;;(B
                    531:
                    532: $BEy$7$$(B (@samp{==}), $BEy$7$/$J$$(B (@samp{!=}), $BBg>.(B (@samp{>}, @samp{<},
                    533: @samp{>=}, @samp{<=}) $B$N(B 2 $B9`1i;;$,$"$k(B. $B??$J$i$PM-M}?t$N(B 1, $B56$J$i$P(B
                    534: 0 $B$rCM$K;}$D(B.
                    535:
                    536: @item
                    537: $BO@M}<0(B
                    538:
                    539: $BO@M}@Q(B (@samp{&&}), $BO@M}OB(B (@samp{||}) $B$N(B 2 $B9`1i;;$H(B, $BH]Dj(B (@samp{!})
                    540: $B$,MQ0U$5$l$F$$$k(B. $BCM$O$d$O$j(B 1, 0 $B$G$"$k(B.
                    541:
                    542: @item
                    543: $BBeF~(B
                    544:
                    545: $BDL>o$NBeF~$O(B @samp{=} $B$G9T$&(B. $B$3$N$[$+(B, $B;;=Q1i;;;R$HAH$_9g$o$;$F(B
                    546: $BFC<l$JBeF~$r9T$&$3$H$b$G$-$k(B.
                    547: (@samp{+=}, @samp{-=}, @samp{*=}, @samp{/=}, @samp{^=})
                    548:
                    549: @example
                    550: A = 2  A *= 3 ($B$3$l$O(B A = A*3 $B$HF1$8(B; $B$=$NB>$N1i;;;R$bF1MM(B)
                    551: @end example
                    552: @item
                    553: $BH!?t8F$S=P$7(B
                    554:
                    555: $BH!?t8F$S=P$7$b<0$N0l<o$G$"$k(B.
                    556:
                    557: @item
                    558: @samp{++}, @samp{--}
                    559:
                    560: $B$3$l$i$O(B, $BJQ?t$NA08e$K$D$$$F(B, $B$=$l$>$l<!$N$h$&$JA`:n(B, $BCM$rI=$9(B.
                    561:
                    562: @example
                    563: A++  $BCM$O85$N(B A $B$NCM(B, A = A+1
                    564: A--  $BCM$O85$N(B A $B$NCM(B, A = A-1
                    565: ++A  A = A+1, $BCM$OJQ2=8e$NCM(B
                    566: --A  A = A-1, $BCM$OJQ2=8e$NCM(B
                    567: @end example
                    568:
                    569: @end itemize
                    570:
                    571: @node $B%W%j%W%m%;%C%5(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
                    572: @subsection $B%W%j%W%m%;%C%5(B
                    573:
                    574: @noindent
                    575: @b{Asir} $B$N%f!<%68@8l$O(B C $B8@8l$rLO$7$?$b$N$G$"$k(B. C $B$NFCD'$H$7$F(B,
                    576: $B%W%j%W%m%;%C%5(B @code{cpp} $B$K$h$k%^%/%mE83+(B, $B%U%!%$%k$N%$%s%/%k!<%I(B
                    577: $B$,$"$k$,(B, @b{Asir} $B$K$*$$$F$b%f!<%68@8l%U%!%$%k$NFI$_9~$_$N:](B
                    578: @code{cpp} $B$rDL$7$F$+$iFI$_9~$`$3$H$H$7$?(B. $B$3$l$K$h$j%f!<%68@8l(B
                    579: $B%U%!%$%kCf$G(B @code{#include}, @code{#define}, @code{#if} $B$J$I$,;H$($k(B.
                    580:
                    581: @itemize @bullet
                    582: @item
                    583: @code{#include}
                    584:
                    585: @code{cpp} $B$KFC$K0z?t$rEO$5$J$$$?$a(B, $B%$%s%/%k!<%I%U%!%$%k$O(B,
                    586: @code{#include} $B$,=q$+$l$F$$$k%U%!%$%k$HF1$8%G%#%l%/%H%j$G%5!<%A$5$l$k(B.
                    587:
                    588: @item
                    589: @code{#define}
                    590:
                    591: $B$3$l$O(B, C $B$K$*$1$k$N$HA4$/F1MM$KMQ$$$k$3$H$,$G$-$k(B.
                    592:
                    593: @item
                    594: @code{#if}
                    595:
                    596: @code{/*}, @code{*/} $B$K$h$k%3%a%s%H$OF~$l;R$K$G$-$J$$$N$G(B, $B%W%m%0%i%`(B
                    597: $B$NBg$-$JItJ,$r%3%a%s%H%"%&%H$9$k:]$K(B, @code{#if 0}, @code{#endif}
                    598: $B$r;H$&$HJXMx$G$"$k(B.
                    599: @end itemize
                    600:
                    601: @noindent
                    602: $B<!$NNc$O(B, @samp{defs.h} $B$K$"$k%^%/%mDj5A$G$"$k(B.
                    603:
                    604: @example
                    605: #define ZERO 0
                    606: #define NUM 1
                    607: #define POLY 2
                    608: #define RAT 3
                    609: #define LIST 4
                    610: #define VECT 5
                    611: #define MAT 6
                    612: #define STR 7
                    613: #define N_Q 0
                    614: #define N_R 1
                    615: #define N_A 2
                    616: #define N_B 3
                    617: #define N_C 4
                    618: #define V_IND 0
                    619: #define V_UC 1
                    620: #define V_PF 2
                    621: #define V_SR 3
                    622: #define isnum(a) (type(a)==NUM)
                    623: #define ispoly(a) (type(a)==POLY)
                    624: #define israt(a) (type(a)==RAT)
                    625: #define islist(a) (type(a)==LIST)
                    626: #define isvect(a) (type(a)==VECT)
                    627: #define ismat(a) (type(a)==MAT)
                    628: #define isstr(a) (type(a)==STR)
                    629: #define FIRST(L) (car(L))
                    630: #define SECOND(L) (car(cdr(L)))
                    631: #define THIRD(L) (car(cdr(cdr(L))))
                    632: #define FOURTH(L) (car(cdr(cdr(cdr(L)))))
                    633: #define DEG(a) deg(a,var(a))
                    634: #define LCOEF(a) coef(a,deg(a,var(a)))
                    635: #define LTERM(a) coef(a,deg(a,var(a)))*var(a)^deg(a,var(a))
                    636: #define TT(a) car(car(a))
                    637: #define TS(a) car(cdr(car(a)))
                    638: #define MAX(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b))
                    639: @end example
1.2     ! noro      640:
        !           641:
        !           642: @node $B%*%W%7%g%s;XDj(B,,, $B%f!<%6Dj5AH!?t$N=q$-J}(B
        !           643: @subsection $B%*%W%7%g%s;XDj(B
        !           644:
        !           645: $B%f!<%6Dj5A4X?t$,(B @var{N} $BJQ?t$G@k8@$5$l$?>l9g(B, $B$=$N4X?t$O(B, @var{N}
        !           646: $BJQ?t$G$N8F$S=P$7$N$_$,5v$5$l$k(B.
        !           647:
        !           648: @example
        !           649: [0] def factor(A) @{ return fctr(A); @}
        !           650: [1] factor(x^5-1,3);
        !           651: evalf : argument mismatch in factor()
        !           652: return to toplevel
        !           653: @end example
        !           654:
        !           655: $BITDj8D0z?t$N4X?t$r%f!<%68@8l$G5-=R$7$?$$>l9g(B, $B%j%9%H(B, $BG[Ns$rMQ$$$k$3$H$G(B
        !           656: $B2DG=$H$J$k$,(B, $B<!$N$h$&$J$h$jJ,$+$j$d$9$$J}K!$b2DG=$G$"$k(B.
        !           657:
        !           658: @example
        !           659: % cat factor
        !           660: def factor(F)
        !           661: @{
        !           662:     Mod = getopt(mod);
        !           663:     ModType = type(Mod);
        !           664:     if ( ModType == 1 ) /* 'mod' is not specified. */
        !           665:         return fctr(F);
        !           666:     else if ( ModType == 0 ) /* 'mod' is a number */
        !           667:         return modfctr(F,Mod);
        !           668: @}
        !           669: @end example
        !           670:
        !           671: @example
        !           672: [0] load("factor")$
        !           673: [1] factor(x^5-1);
        !           674: [[1,1],[x-1,1],[x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1,1]]
        !           675: [2] factor(x^5-1|mod=11);
        !           676: [[1,1],[x+6,1],[x+2,1],[x+10,1],[x+7,1],[x+8,1]]
        !           677: @end example
        !           678:
        !           679: 2 $BHVL\$N(B @code{factor()} $B$N8F$S=P$7$K$*$$$F(B, $B4X?tDj5A$N:]$K@k8@$5$l$?0z(B
        !           680: $B?t(B @var{x^5-1}$B$N8e$m$K(B @var{|mod=11} $B$,CV$+$l$F$$$k(B. $B$3$l$O(B, $B4X?t<B9T;~(B
        !           681: $B$K(B, @var{mod} $B$H$$$&(B keyword $B$KBP$7$F(B @var{11} $B$H$$$&CM$r3d$jEv$F$k$3$H(B
        !           682: $B$r;XDj$7$F$$$k(B. $B$3$l$r%*%W%7%g%s;XDj$H8F$V$3$H$K$9$k(B. $B$3$NCM$O(B
        !           683: @code{getopt(mod)} $B$G<h$j=P$9$3$H$,$G$-$k(B. 1 $BHVL\$N8F$S=P$7$N$h$&$K(B
        !           684: @var{mod} $B$KBP$9$k%*%W%7%g%s;XDj$,$J$$>l9g$K$O(B, @code{getopt(mod)} $B$O7?(B
        !           685: $B<1JL;R(B -1 $B$N%*%V%8%'%/%H$rJV$9(B. $B$3$l$K$h$j(B, $B;XDj$,$J$$>l9g$NF0:n$r(B if $BJ8(B
        !           686: $B$K$h$j5-=R$G$-$k(B. @samp{|} $B$N8e$m$K$O(B, $BG$0U8D$N%*%W%7%g%s$r(B, @samp{,}
        !           687: $B$G6h@Z$C$F;XDj$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k(B.
        !           688:
        !           689: @example
        !           690: [100] xxx(1,2,x^2-1,[1,2,3]|proc=1,index=5);
        !           691: @end example
        !           692:
1.1       noro      693: