Annotation of OpenXM/src/asir-doc/parts/builtin/list.texi, Revision 1.2
1.2 ! noro 1: @comment $OpenXM$
! 2: \BJP
1.1 noro 3: @node $B%j%9%H$N1i;;(B,,, $BAH$_9~$_H!?t(B
4: @section $B%j%9%H$N1i;;(B
1.2 ! noro 5: \E
! 6: \BEG
! 7: @node Lists,,, Built-in Function
! 8: @section Lists
! 9: \E
1.1 noro 10:
11: @menu
12: * car cdr cons append reverse length::
13: @end menu
14:
1.2 ! noro 15: \JP @node car cdr cons append reverse length,,, $B%j%9%H$N1i;;(B
! 16: \EG @node car cdr cons append reverse length,,, Lists
1.1 noro 17: @subsection @code{car}, @code{cdr}, @code{cons}, @code{append}, @code{reverse}, @code{length}
18: @findex car
19: @findex cdr
20: @findex cons
21: @findex append
22: @findex reverse
23: @findex length
24:
25: @table @t
26: @item car(@var{list})
1.2 ! noro 27: \JP :: $B6u$G$J$$(B @var{list} $B$N@hF,MWAG(B.
! 28: \EG :: The first element of the given non-null list @var{list}.
1.1 noro 29: @item cdr(@var{list})
1.2 ! noro 30: \JP :: $B6u$G$J$$(B @var{list} $B$+$i@hF,MWAG$r<h$j=|$$$?%j%9%H(B.
! 31: \EG :: A list obtained by removing the first element of the given non-null list @var{list}.
1.1 noro 32: @item cons(@var{obj},@var{list})
1.2 ! noro 33: \JP :: @var{list} $B$N@hF,$K(B @var{obj} $B$rIU$12C$($?%j%9%H(B.
! 34: \EG :: A list obtained by adding an element @var{obj} to the top of the given list @var{list}.
1.1 noro 35: @item @t{append}(@var{list1},@var{list2})
1.2 ! noro 36: \JP :: @var{list1} $B$H(B @var{list2} $B$r$3$N=g$K(B 1 $B$D$K$7$?%j%9%H(B.
! 37: \EG :: A list obtained by adding all elements in the list @var{list2} according to the order as it is to the last element in the list @var{list1}.
1.1 noro 38: @item @t{reverse}(@var{list})
1.2 ! noro 39: \JP :: @var{list} $B$r5U=g$K$7$?%j%9%H(B.
! 40: \EG :: reversed list of @var{list}.
1.1 noro 41: @item length(@var{list})
1.2 ! noro 42: \JP :: @var{list} $B$ND9$5(B.
! 43: \EG :: Number of elements in a list @var{list}.
1.1 noro 44: @end table
45:
46: @table @var
47: @item return
1.2 ! noro 48: \JP @code{car()} : $BG$0U(B, @code{cdr()}, @code{cons()}, @code{append()}, @code{reverse()} : $B%j%9%H(B, @code{length()} : $B<+A3?t(B
! 49: \EG @code{car()} : arbitrary, @code{cdr()}, @code{cons()}, @code{append()}, @code{reverse()} : list, @code{length()} : non-negative integer
1.1 noro 50: @item list,list1,list2
1.2 ! noro 51: \JP $B%j%9%H(B
! 52: \EG list
1.1 noro 53: @item obj
1.2 ! noro 54: \JP $BG$0U(B
! 55: \EG arbitrary
1.1 noro 56: @end table
57:
58: @itemize @bullet
1.2 ! noro 59: \BJP
1.1 noro 60: @item
61: $B%j%9%H$O(B @t{[}@var{obj1},@var{obj2},...@t{]} $B$HI=$5$l$k(B. @var{obj1} $B$,(B
62: $B@hF,MWAG$G$"$k(B.
63: @item
64: @code{car()} $B$O(B, $B6u$G$J$$(B @var{list} $B$N@hF,MWAG$r=PNO$9$k(B. $B6u%j%9%H$,F~NO$5$l$?>l9g$O(B, $B6u%j%9%H$,=PNO$5$l$k(B.
65: @item
66: @code{cdr()} $B$O(B, $B6u$G$J$$(B @var{list} $B$+$i@hF,MWAG$r<h$j=|$$$?%j%9%H$r=PNO$9$k(B. $B6u%j%9%H$,F~NO$5$l$?>l9g$O(B, $B6u%j%9%H$,=PNO$5$l$k(B.
67: @item
68: @code{cons()} $B$O(B, @var{list} $B$N@hF,$K(B @var{obj} $B$rIU$12C$($?%j%9%H$r=PNO$9$k(B.
69: @item
70: @code{append()} $B$O(B, @var{list1} $B$NMWAG$H(B @var{list2} $B$N$9$Y$F$NMWAG$r7k9g$5$;$?%j%9%H(B [@var{list1} $B$NMWAG$NJB$S(B,@var{list2} $B$NMWAG$NJB$S(B] $B$r=PNO$9$k(B.
71: @item
72: @code{reverse()} $B$O(B, @var{list} $B$r5U=g$K$7$?%j%9%H$r=PNO$9$k(B.
73: @item
74: @code{length()} $B$O(B, @var{list} $B$ND9$5$r=PNO$9$k(B. $B%Y%/%H%k5Z$S9TNs$NMWAG$N8D?t$O(B, @code{size()} $B$rMQ$$$k(B.
75: @item
76: $B%j%9%H$OFI$_=P$7@lMQ$G(B, $BMWAG$NF~$lBX$($O$G$-$J$$(B.
77: @item
78: $B%j%9%H$N(B @var{n} $BHVL\$NMWAG$N<h$j=P$7$O(B, @code{cdr()} $B$r(B @var{n} $B2sE,MQ(B
79: $B$7$?8e(B @code{car()} $B$rE,MQ$9$k$3$H$K$h$j2DG=$G$"$k$,(B, $BJXK!$H$7$F(B,
80: $B%Y%/%H%k(B, $B9TNs$J$I$NG[Ns$HF1MM(B, $B%$%s%G%C%/%9(B @code{[@var{n}]} $B$r8e$m$K(B
81: $BIU$1$k$3$H$K$h$j<h$j=P$9$3$H$,$G$-$k(B. $B$?$@$7(B, $B%7%9%F%`FbIt$G$O(B,
82: $B<B:]$K%]%$%s%?$r(B @var{n} $B2s$?$I$k$N$G(B, $B8e$m$NMWAG$[$I<h$j=P$7$K;~4V$,$+$+$k(B.
83: @item
84: @code{cdr()} $B$O?7$7$$%;%k$r@8@.$7$J$$$,(B, @code{append()} $B$O(B, $B<B:]$K$O(B
85: $BBh(B 1 $B0z?t$N%j%9%H$ND9$5$@$1$N(B @code{cons()} $B$N7+$jJV$7$H$J$k$?$a(B,
86: $BBh(B 1 $B0z?t$N%j%9%H$,D9$$>l9g$K$OB?$/$N%a%b%j$r>CHq$9$k$3$H$K$J$k(B.
87: @code{reverse()} $B$K4X$7$F$bF1MM$G$"$k(B.
1.2 ! noro 88: \E
! 89: \BEG
! 90: @item
! 91: A list is written in @b{Asir} as @t{[}@var{obj1},@var{obj2},@dots{}@t{]}.
! 92: Here, @var{obj1} is the first element.
! 93: @item
! 94: Function @code{car()} outputs the first element of a non-null list.
! 95: For a null list, the result should be undefined. In the current
! 96: implementation, however, it outputs a null list. This treatment for a
! 97: null list may subject to change in future, and users are suggested not
! 98: to use the tentative treatment for a null list for serious programming.
! 99: @item
! 100: Function @code{cdr()} outputs a list obtained by removing the first
! 101: element from the input non-null list.
! 102: For a null list, the result should be undefined. In the current
! 103: implementation, however, it outputs a null list. This treatment for a
! 104: null list may subject to change in future, and users are suggested not
! 105: to use the tentative treatment for a null list for serious programming.
! 106: @item
! 107: Function @code{cons()} composes a new list from the input list @var{list}
! 108: and an arbitrary object @var{obj} by adding @var{obj} to the top of
! 109: @var{list}.
! 110: @item
! 111: Function @code{append()} composes a new list, which has all elements of
! 112: @var{list1} in the same ordering followed by all elements of @var{list2}
! 113: in the same ordering.
! 114: @item
! 115: Function @code{reverse()} returns a reversed list of @var{list}.
! 116: @item
! 117: Function @code{length()} returns a non-negative integer which is the
! 118: number of elements in the input list @var{list}.
! 119: Note that function @code{size} should be used for counting elements
! 120: of @var{vector} and @var{matrix}.
! 121: @item
! 122: Lists are read-only objects in @b{Asir}. There elements cannot be
! 123: modified.
! 124: @item
! 125: The @var{n}-th element in a list can be referred to by applying the
! 126: function @code{cdr()} @var{n} times repeatedly and @code{cdr()} at last.
! 127: A more convenient way to access to the @var{n}-th element is the use
! 128: of bracket notation, that is, to attach an index @code{[@var{n}]}
! 129: like vectors and matrices. The system, however, follow the
! 130: @var{n} pointers to access the desired element. Subsequently, much
! 131: time is spent for an element located far from the top of the list.
! 132: @item
! 133: Function @code{cdr()} does not create a new cell (a memory quantity).
! 134: Function @code{append()}, as a matter of fact, repeats @code{cons()}
! 135: for as many as the length of @var{list1} the first argument.
! 136: Subsequently, @code{append()} consumes much memory space if its
! 137: first argument is long.
! 138: Similar argument applies to function @code{reverse()}.
! 139: \E
1.1 noro 140: @end itemize
141:
142: @example
143: [0] L = [[1,2,3],4,[5,6]];
144: [[1,2,3],4,[5,6]]
145: [1] car(L);
146: [1,2,3]
147: [2] cdr(L);
148: [4,[5,6]]
149: [3] cons(x*y,L);
150: [y*x,[1,2,3],4,[5,6]]
151: [4] append([a,b,c],[d]);
152: [a,b,c,d]
153: [5] reverse([a,b,c,d]);
154: [d,c,b,a]
155: [6] length(L);
156: 3
157: [7] L[2][0];
158: 5
159: @end example
160:
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