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version 1.13, 2004/09/13 09:23:30 version 1.17, 2006/09/06 23:53:31
Line 1 
Line 1 
 @comment $OpenXM: OpenXM/src/asir-doc/parts/groebner.texi,v 1.12 2003/12/27 11:52:07 takayama Exp $  @comment $OpenXM: OpenXM/src/asir-doc/parts/groebner.texi,v 1.16 2004/10/20 00:30:55 fujiwara Exp $
 \BJP  \BJP
 @node $B%0%l%V%J4pDl$N7W;;(B,,, Top  @node $B%0%l%V%J4pDl$N7W;;(B,,, Top
 @chapter $B%0%l%V%J4pDl$N7W;;(B  @chapter $B%0%l%V%J4pDl$N7W;;(B
Line 1069  beforehand, and some heuristic trial may be inevitable
Line 1069  beforehand, and some heuristic trial may be inevitable
 $B$h$j0lHLE*$J$b$N$H$J$k(B.  $B$h$j0lHLE*$J$b$N$H$J$k(B.
 \E  \E
 \BEG  \BEG
 Term orders introduced in the previous section can be generalized  Term orderings introduced in the previous section can be generalized
 by setting a weight for each variable.  by setting a weight for each variable.
 \E  \E
 @example  @example
Line 1097  In this example, the weights for the first, the second
Line 1097  In this example, the weights for the first, the second
 variable are set to 1, 2 and 3 respectively.  variable are set to 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
 Therefore the total degree of @code{<<1,1,1>>} under this weight,  Therefore the total degree of @code{<<1,1,1>>} under this weight,
 which is called the weight of the monomial, is @code{1*1+1*2+1*3=6}.  which is called the weight of the monomial, is @code{1*1+1*2+1*3=6}.
 By setting weights, different term orders can be set under a term  By setting weights, different term orderings can be set under a type of
 order type. For example, a polynomial can be made weighted homogeneous  term ordeing. In some case a polynomial can
 by setting an appropriate weight.  be made weighted homogeneous by setting an appropriate weight.
 \E  \E
   
 \BJP  \BJP
Line 1131  is also considered as a refinement of comparison by we
Line 1131  is also considered as a refinement of comparison by we
 It compares two terms by using a weight vector whose elements  It compares two terms by using a weight vector whose elements
 corresponding to variables in a block is 1 and 0 otherwise,  corresponding to variables in a block is 1 and 0 otherwise,
 then it applies a tie breaker.  then it applies a tie breaker.
   \E
   
   \BJP
   weight vector $B$N@_Dj$O(B @code{dp_set_weight()} $B$G9T$&$3$H$,$G$-$k(B
   $B$,(B, $B9`=g=x$r;XDj$9$k:]$NB>$N%Q%i%a%?(B ($B9`=g=x7?(B, $BJQ?t=g=x(B) $B$H(B
   $B$^$H$a$F@_Dj$G$-$k$3$H$,K>$^$7$$(B. $B$3$N$?$a(B, $B<!$N$h$&$J7A$G$b(B
   $B9`=g=x$,;XDj$G$-$k(B.
 \E  \E
   \BEG
   A weight vector can be set by using @code{dp_set_weight()}.
   However it is more preferable if a weight vector can be set
   together with other parapmeters such as a type of term ordering
   and a variable order. This is realized as follows.
   \E
   
   @example
   [64] B=[x+y+z-6,x*y+y*z+z*x-11,x*y*z-6]$
   [65] dp_gr_main(B|v=[x,y,z],sugarweight=[3,2,1],order=0);
   [z^3-6*z^2+11*z-6,x+y+z-6,-y^2+(-z+6)*y-z^2+6*z-11]
   [66] dp_gr_main(B|v=[y,z,x],order=[[1,1,0],[0,1,0],[0,0,1]]);
   [x^3-6*x^2+11*x-6,x+y+z-6,-x^2+(-y+6)*x-y^2+6*y-11]
   [67] dp_gr_main(B|v=[y,z,x],order=[[x,1,y,2,z,3]]);
   [x+y+z-6,x^3-6*x^2+11*x-6,-x^2+(-y+6)*x-y^2+6*y-11]
   @end example
   
 \BJP  \BJP
   $B$$$:$l$NNc$K$*$$$F$b(B, $B9`=g=x$O(B option $B$H$7$F;XDj$5$l$F$$$k(B.
   $B:G=i$NNc$G$O(B @code{v} $B$K$h$jJQ?t=g=x$r(B, @code{sugarweight} $B$K$h$j(B
   sugar weight vector $B$r(B, @code{order}$B$K$h$j9`=g=x7?$r;XDj$7$F$$$k(B.
   $BFs$DL\$NNc$K$*$1$k(B @code{order} $B$N;XDj$O(B matrix order $B$HF1MM$G$"$k(B.
   $B$9$J$o$A(B, $B;XDj$5$l$?(B weight vector $B$r:8$+$i=g$K;H$C$F(B weight $B$NHf3S(B
   $B$r9T$&(B. $B;0$DL\$NNc$bF1MM$G$"$k$,(B, $B$3$3$G$O(B weight vector $B$NMWAG$r(B
   $BJQ?tKh$K;XDj$7$F$$$k(B. $B;XDj$,$J$$$b$N$O(B 0 $B$H$J$k(B. $B;0$DL\$NNc$G$O(B,
   @code{order} $B$K$h$k;XDj$G$O9`=g=x$,7hDj$7$J$$(B. $B$3$N>l9g$K$O(B,
   tie breaker $B$H$7$FA4<!?t5U<-=q<0=g=x$,<+F0E*$K@_Dj$5$l$k(B.
   $B$3$N;XDjJ}K!$O(B, @code{dp_gr_main}, @code{dp_gr_mod_main} $B$J$I(B
   $B$NAH$_9~$_4X?t$G$N$_2DG=$G$"$j(B, @code{gr} $B$J$I$N%f!<%6Dj5A4X?t(B
   $B$G$OL$BP1~$G$"$k(B.
   \E
   \BEG
   In each example, a term ordering is specified as options.
   In the first example, a variable order, a sugar weight vector
   and a type of term ordering are specified by options @code{v},
   @code{sugarweight} and @code{order} respectively.
   In the second example, an option @code{order} is used
   to set a matrix ordering. That is, the specified weight vectors
   are used from left to right for comparing terms.
   The third example shows a variant of specifying a weight vector,
   where each component of a weight vector is specified variable by variable,
   and unspecified components are set to zero. In this example,
   a term order is not determined only by the specified weight vector.
   In such a case a tie breaker by the graded reverse lexicographic ordering
   is set automatically.
   This type of a term ordering specification can be applied only to builtin
   functions such as @code{dp_gr_main()}, @code{dp_gr_mod_main()}, not to
   user defined functions such as @code{gr()}.
   \E
   
   \BJP
 @node $BM-M}<0$r78?t$H$9$k%0%l%V%J4pDl7W;;(B,,, $B%0%l%V%J4pDl$N7W;;(B  @node $BM-M}<0$r78?t$H$9$k%0%l%V%J4pDl7W;;(B,,, $B%0%l%V%J4pDl$N7W;;(B
 @section $BM-M}<0$r78?t$H$9$k%0%l%V%J4pDl7W;;(B  @section $BM-M}<0$r78?t$H$9$k%0%l%V%J4pDl7W;;(B
 \E  \E
Line 1409  Computation of the global b function is implemented as
Line 1464  Computation of the global b function is implemented as
 * tolexm minipolym::  * tolexm minipolym::
 * dp_gr_main dp_gr_mod_main dp_gr_f_main dp_weyl_gr_main dp_weyl_gr_mod_main dp_weyl_gr_f_main::  * dp_gr_main dp_gr_mod_main dp_gr_f_main dp_weyl_gr_main dp_weyl_gr_mod_main dp_weyl_gr_f_main::
 * dp_f4_main dp_f4_mod_main dp_weyl_f4_main dp_weyl_f4_mod_main::  * dp_f4_main dp_f4_mod_main dp_weyl_f4_main dp_weyl_f4_mod_main::
   * nd_gr nd_gr_trace nd_f4 nd_f4_trace nd_weyl_gr nd_weyl_gr_trace::
 * dp_gr_flags dp_gr_print::  * dp_gr_flags dp_gr_print::
 * dp_ord::  * dp_ord::
 * dp_ptod::  * dp_ptod::
Line 1485  Computation of the global b function is implemented as
Line 1541  Computation of the global b function is implemented as
 strategy $B$K$h$k7W;;(B, @code{hgr()} $B$O(B trace-lifting $B$*$h$S(B  strategy $B$K$h$k7W;;(B, @code{hgr()} $B$O(B trace-lifting $B$*$h$S(B
 $B@F<!2=$K$h$k(B $B6:@5$5$l$?(B sugar strategy $B$K$h$k7W;;$r9T$&(B.  $B@F<!2=$K$h$k(B $B6:@5$5$l$?(B sugar strategy $B$K$h$k7W;;$r9T$&(B.
 @item  @item
 @code{dgr()} $B$O(B, @code{gr()}, @code{dgr()} $B$r(B  @code{dgr()} $B$O(B, @code{gr()}, @code{hgr()} $B$r(B
 $B;R%W%m%;%9%j%9%H(B @var{procs} $B$N(B 2 $B$D$N%W%m%;%9$K$h$jF1;~$K7W;;$5$;(B,  $B;R%W%m%;%9%j%9%H(B @var{procs} $B$N(B 2 $B$D$N%W%m%;%9$K$h$jF1;~$K7W;;$5$;(B,
 $B@h$K7k2L$rJV$7$?J}$N7k2L$rJV$9(B. $B7k2L$OF10l$G$"$k$,(B, $B$I$A$i$NJ}K!$,(B  $B@h$K7k2L$rJV$7$?J}$N7k2L$rJV$9(B. $B7k2L$OF10l$G$"$k$,(B, $B$I$A$i$NJ}K!$,(B
 $B9bB.$+0lHL$K$OITL@$N$?$a(B, $B<B:]$N7P2a;~4V$rC;=L$9$k$N$KM-8z$G$"$k(B.  $B9bB.$+0lHL$K$OITL@$N$?$a(B, $B<B:]$N7P2a;~4V$rC;=L$9$k$N$KM-8z$G$"$k(B.
Line 2244  except for lack of the argument for controlling homoge
Line 2300  except for lack of the argument for controlling homoge
 @fref{dp_ord},  @fref{dp_ord},
 @fref{dp_gr_flags dp_gr_print},  @fref{dp_gr_flags dp_gr_print},
 @fref{gr hgr gr_mod},  @fref{gr hgr gr_mod},
   \JP @fref{$B7W;;$*$h$SI=<($N@)8f(B}.
   \EG @fref{Controlling Groebner basis computations}
   @end table
   
   \JP @node nd_gr nd_gr_trace nd_f4 nd_f4_trace nd_weyl_gr nd_weyl_gr_trace,,, $B%0%l%V%J4pDl$K4X$9$kH!?t(B
   \EG @node nd_gr nd_gr_trace nd_f4 nd_f4_trace nd_weyl_gr nd_weyl_gr_trace,,, Functions for Groebner basis computation
   @subsection @code{nd_gr}, @code{nd_gr_trace}, @code{nd_f4}, @code{nd_f4_trace}, @code{nd_weyl_gr}, @code{nd_weyl_gr_trace}
   @findex nd_gr
   @findex nd_gr_trace
   @findex nd_f4
   @findex nd_f4_trace
   @findex nd_weyl_gr
   @findex nd_weyl_gr_trace
   
   @table @t
   @item nd_gr(@var{plist},@var{vlist},@var{p},@var{order})
   @itemx nd_gr_trace(@var{plist},@var{vlist},@var{homo},@var{p},@var{order})
   @itemx nd_f4(@var{plist},@var{vlist},@var{modular},@var{order})
   @itemx nd_f4_trace(@var{plist},@var{vlist},@var{homo},@var{p},@var{order})
   @item nd_weyl_gr(@var{plist},@var{vlist},@var{p},@var{order})
   @itemx nd_weyl_gr_trace(@var{plist},@var{vlist},@var{homo},@var{p},@var{order})
   \JP :: $B%0%l%V%J4pDl$N7W;;(B ($BAH$_9~$_H!?t(B)
   \EG :: Groebner basis computation (built-in functions)
   @end table
   
   @table @var
   @item return
   \JP $B%j%9%H(B
   \EG list
   @item plist  vlist
   \JP $B%j%9%H(B
   \EG list
   @item order
   \JP $B?t(B, $B%j%9%H$^$?$O9TNs(B
   \EG number, list or matrix
   @item homo
   \JP $B%U%i%0(B
   \EG flag
   @item modular
   \JP $B%U%i%0$^$?$OAG?t(B
   \EG flag or prime
   @end table
   
   \BJP
   @itemize @bullet
   @item
   $B$3$l$i$NH!?t$O(B, $B%0%l%V%J4pDl7W;;AH$_9~$_4X?t$N?7<BAu$G$"$k(B.
   @item @code{nd_gr} $B$O(B, @code{p} $B$,(B 0 $B$N$H$-M-M}?tBN>e$N(B Buchberger
   $B%"%k%4%j%:%`$r<B9T$9$k(B. @code{p} $B$,(B 2 $B0J>e$N<+A3?t$N$H$-(B, GF(p) $B>e$N(B
   Buchberger $B%"%k%4%j%:%`$r<B9T$9$k(B.
   @item @code{nd_gr_trace} $B$*$h$S(B @code{nd_f4_trace}
   $B$OM-M}?tBN>e$G(B trace $B%"%k%4%j%:%`$r<B9T$9$k(B.
   @code{p} $B$,(B 0 $B$^$?$O(B 1 $B$N$H$-(B, $B<+F0E*$KA*$P$l$?AG?t$rMQ$$$F(B, $B@.8y$9$k(B
   $B$^$G(B trace $B%"%k%4%j%:%`$r<B9T$9$k(B.
   @code{p} $B$,(B 2 $B0J>e$N$H$-(B, trace $B$O(BGF(p) $B>e$G7W;;$5$l$k(B. trace $B%"%k%4%j%:%`(B
   $B$,<:GT$7$?>l9g(B 0 $B$,JV$5$l$k(B. @code{p} $B$,Ii$N>l9g(B, $B%0%l%V%J4pDl%A%'%C%/$O(B
   $B9T$o$J$$(B. $B$3$N>l9g(B, @code{p} $B$,(B -1 $B$J$i$P<+F0E*$KA*$P$l$?AG?t$,(B,
   $B$=$l0J30$O;XDj$5$l$?AG?t$rMQ$$$F%0%l%V%J4pDl8uJd$N7W;;$,9T$o$l$k(B.
   @code{nd_f4_trace} $B$O(B, $B3FA4<!?t$K$D$$$F(B, $B$"$kM-8BBN>e$G(B F4 $B%"%k%4%j%:%`(B
   $B$G9T$C$?7k2L$r$b$H$K(B, $B$=$NM-8BBN>e$G(B 0 $B$G$J$$4pDl$rM?$($k(B S-$BB?9`<0$N$_$r(B
   $BMQ$$$F9TNs@8@.$r9T$$(B, $B$=$NA4<!?t$K$*$1$k4pDl$r@8@.$9$kJ}K!$G$"$k(B. $BF@$i$l$k(B
   $BB?9`<0=89g$O$d$O$j%0%l%V%J4pDl8uJd$G$"$j(B, @code{nd_gr_trace} $B$HF1MM$N(B
   $B%A%'%C%/$,9T$o$l$k(B.
   @item
   @code{nd_f4} $B$O(B @code{modular} $B$,(B 0 $B$N$H$-M-M}?tBN>e$N(B, @code{modular} $B$,(B
   $B%^%7%s%5%$%:AG?t$N$H$-M-8BBN>e$N(B F4 $B%"%k%4%j%:%`$r<B9T$9$k(B.
   @item
   @code{nd_weyl_gr}, @code{nd_weyl_gr_trace} $B$O(B Weyl $BBe?tMQ$G$"$k(B.
   @item
   $B$$$:$l$N4X?t$b(B, $BM-M}4X?tBN>e$N7W;;$OL$BP1~$G$"$k(B.
   @item
   $B0lHL$K(B @code{dp_gr_main}, @code{dp_gr_mod_main} $B$h$j9bB.$G$"$k$,(B,
   $BFC$KM-8BBN>e$N>l9g82Cx$G$"$k(B.
   @end itemize
   \E
   
   \BEG
   @itemize @bullet
   @item
   These functions are new implementations for computing Groebner bases.
   @item @code{nd_gr} executes Buchberger algorithm over the rationals
   if  @code{p} is 0, and that over GF(p) if @code{p} is a prime.
   @item @code{nd_gr_trace} executes the trace algorithm over the rationals.
   If @code{p} is 0 or 1, the trace algorithm is executed until it succeeds
   by using automatically chosen primes.
   If @code{p} a positive prime,
   the trace is comuted over GF(p).
   If the trace algorithm fails 0 is returned.
   If @code{p} is negative,
   the Groebner basis check and ideal-membership check are omitted.
   In this case, an automatically chosen prime if @code{p} is 1,
   otherwise the specified prime is used to compute a Groebner basis
   candidate.
   Execution of @code{nd_f4_trace} is done as follows:
   For each total degree, an F4-reduction of S-polynomials over a finite field
   is done, and S-polynomials which give non-zero basis elements are gathered.
   Then F4-reduction over Q is done for the gathered S-polynomials.
   The obtained polynomial set is a Groebner basis candidate and the same
   check procedure as in the case of @code{nd_gr_trace} is done.
   @item
   @code{nd_f4} executes F4 algorithm over Q if @code{modular} is equal to 0,
   or over a finite field GF(@code{modular})
   if @code{modular} is a prime number of machine size (<2^29).
   @item
   @code{nd_weyl_gr}, @code{nd_weyl_gr_trace} are for Weyl algebra computation.
   @item
   Each function cannot handle rational function coefficient cases.
   @item
   In general these functions are more efficient than
   @code{dp_gr_main}, @code{dp_gr_mod_main}, especially over finite fields.
   @end itemize
   \E
   
   @example
   [38] load("cyclic")$
   [49] C=cyclic(7)$
   [50] V=vars(C)$
   [51] cputime(1)$
   [52] dp_gr_mod_main(C,V,0,31991,0)$
   26.06sec + gc : 0.313sec(26.4sec)
   [53] nd_gr(C,V,31991,0)$
   ndv_alloc=1477188
   5.737sec + gc : 0.1837sec(5.921sec)
   [54] dp_f4_mod_main(C,V,31991,0)$
   3.51sec + gc : 0.7109sec(4.221sec)
   [55] nd_f4(C,V,31991,0)$
   1.906sec + gc : 0.126sec(2.032sec)
   @end example
   
   @table @t
   \JP @item $B;2>H(B
   \EG @item References
   @fref{dp_ord},
   @fref{dp_gr_flags dp_gr_print},
 \JP @fref{$B7W;;$*$h$SI=<($N@)8f(B}.  \JP @fref{$B7W;;$*$h$SI=<($N@)8f(B}.
 \EG @fref{Controlling Groebner basis computations}  \EG @fref{Controlling Groebner basis computations}
 @end table  @end table
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